Indra Jatra holds great historical, cultural, and religious significance for the Newar community as well as for the entire Nepali society. In the Newar language, it is called “Swā̃chhyā”, which means lighting a hundred thousand butter lamps. Among the oldest, grandest, and culturally richest festivals of the Kathmandu Valley, Indra Jatra stands at the forefront.

Origin and Mythological Story of Indra Jatra

According to legend, Indra’s mother, Basundhara, desired the celestial Parijat flower. When Indra descended to earth to collect the flower, he was captured in Kathmandu. Later, when his true identity was revealed, the people released him and began to worship him with great celebration, music, and festivities. From that time onward, the tradition of observing Indra Jatra began.

Features of Swā̃chhyā

Known as Swā̃chhyā, this festival is celebrated for eight days with grandeur. During this period, devotees light countless butter lamps, perform rituals, display images of deities, and present various cultural dances.

The Chariot Procession of Kumari, Bhairav, and Ganesh

The most captivating aspect of Indra Jatra is the chariot procession.

• Kumari Chariot Procession: The Living Goddess Kumari is placed on a chariot. Kumari is regarded as the embodiment of Goddess Taleju’s power. It is believed that her presence blesses the entire city.

• Bhairav Chariot Procession: Bhairav is worshipped as a fierce and powerful deity. His chariot procession symbolizes the destruction of evil forces and divine protection.

• Ganesh Chariot Procession: The chariot procession of Lord Ganesh, the remover of obstacles, signifies auspiciousness, success, and prosperity.

All three chariots are pulled through various alleys and neighborhoods of the city, starting from Hanuman Dhoka. Large crowds of locals, devotees, and spectators actively participate in the event.

Cultural Dances and Performances

• Lakhe Dance: Performed at night, this dance represents the triumph over evil.

• Pulukisi Dance: This depicts the form of Airavata, the elephant mount of Indra, and is a major attraction.

• Mask dances of various deities further enliven the festivities.

Social and Cultural Significance

Indra Jatra is not merely a religious festival; it is also a symbol of social unity, cultural expression, and traditional lifestyle. It reflects the historical pride of the Kathmandu Valley, while also connecting Newar traditions with both Hindu and Buddhist values.

Conclusion

Indra Jatra (Swā̃chhyā) is a cultural heritage of Nepal. The chariot processions of Kumari, Bhairav, and Ganesh convey the messages of power, protection, and prosperity, while the Lakhe and Pulukisi dances portray the deep beauty of folk life. This festival continues to strengthen Nepali society religiously, culturally, and socially.

— Astrologer / Vastu Expert
Pandit Narayan Prasad Dulal